His most famous articulation of the liberal outlook on these matters is in his Essay on Liberty (1859). One of the voices for the liberal ideal of personal freedom and civil liberty in the 19 th century was the British economist and social philosopher, John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). John Stuart Mill on Liberty and Equal Rights It can easily happen that under the avalanche of accusations against market liberalism, it may be forgotten how many 19 th century liberal friends of freedom in Europe and the United States spoke out against the oppression of not only people in general, but against particular groups whose liberty was denied through such institutions as slavery. One of the most heated and controversial issues today concerns the place of slavery in the history of the United States, and attitudes toward the institution of human bondage in the Western world in general.Īnother theme in modern political debate is the nature and role of classical liberalism as a force for human freedom and dignity or as a rationalization for capitalist oppression of not just wage-earning workers, but racial and ethnic groups in modern history.
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